Calculation Practice

Master essential optical calculations with interactive practice problems. Build confidence for the ABO exam and real-world dispensing.

Choose a Calculation Type

Or try a mixed practice session:

Tips for Calculation Success

  • Memorize the formulas - Write them out daily until automatic
  • Watch your units - Convert mm to cm for Prentice's Rule, mm to m for vertex
  • Check sign conventions - Plus/minus matters for transposition and cylinder
  • Practice under time pressure - ABO exam is timed
  • Round appropriately - Lens powers to 0.25D, measurements to practical values

Essential Formulas Quick Reference

🔄 Transposition

New Sphere = Old Sphere + Old Cylinder
New Cylinder = Opposite sign
New Axis = Old Axis ± 90°

📏 Vertex Distance

Fc = Fs / (1 - d × Fs)
d = vertex distance in meters

🔺 Prentice's Rule

Prism (Δ) = c × F
c = decentration in cm
F = lens power in diopters

🎯 Vogel's Rule

Base Curve = (Sphere / 2) + 6
(Use algebraic sphere value)

👓 Decentration

Total Dec = Frame PD - Patient PD
Per Lens = Total Dec / 2
Frame PD = A + DBL

🔍 Magnification

SM = 1 / (1 - d × F)
Plus lenses magnify
Minus lenses minify